Aquired immunodeficiency disease is a global illness that is the mechanism of endocrinopathy justifying a review of this aspect.

A rare tumor, esophageal schwannoma, was first described by Chaterlin and Fissore in 1967. These tumors are commonly found incidentally in patients presenting with symptoms of GERD, dysphagia, or dyspnea with the first evidence being an abnormal chest radiograph.

Objective: Permanent cardiac stimulation remains the only effective treatment for symptomatic bradycardia. However, like any invasive gesture, it is not without risk.

Background: Cystatin C, a marker for early stage chronic kidney dysfunction, mediates the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

This publication presents the results of studies on biomineralization of “atherosclerotic plaque” forming in the coronary arteries of the heart. Obtained results were compared to studies of an artery unaffected by the process of atherosclerosis.

Objective: Primary cardiac osteosarcoma is a rare entity. The most common location of this tumor is the posterolateral wall of the left atrium. Clinical presentation of the tumor depends on the tumor size and the proximity to cardiac valves, so most osteosarcomas are often asymptomatic and heart failure symptoms arise when the growing mass impairs cardiac hemodynamics or invades surrounding structures. In these cases a multidisciplinary approach is essential for a complete classification and treatment of the disease.